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KMID : 0380620110430020230
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Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
2011 Volume.43 No. 2 p.230 ~ p.234
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Monitoring of Heavy Metals in Fruits in Korea
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Lee Jin-Ha
Seo Jee-Woo
An Eun-Sook
Kuk Ju-Hee
Park Ji-Won
Bae Min-Seok
Park Sang-Wook
Yoo Myung-Sang
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Abstract
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According to the Codex committee, the maximum allowable level for lead in fruits is 0.1 mg/kg. This survey was conducted as a surveillance program following the establishment of safety guideline for fruits in Korea. Concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) were measured in 927 samples using a ICP-MS and a mercury analyzer. The recoveries of microwave digestion method were 86.0-110.4% for Pb, 81.0-104.0% for Cd and 82.0- 104.7% for As by standard addition method. The recovery of direct mercury analyzer was 106.5% for Hg. The average levels of Pb in μg/kg were 10.0±12.8 for apple, 8.8±10.9 for pear, 4.1±4.4 for persimmons, 14.9±12.3 for mandarin, 7.1±6.5 for orange, 3.1±3.3 for banana, 8.8±8.9 for kiwi, and 9.3±9.7 for mango. The average levels of Cd in μg/kg were 0.4±0.3 for apple, 2.0±1.6 for pear, 0.3±0.3 for persimmon, 0.1±0.1 for mandarin, 0.1±0.1 for orange, 1.3±1.8 for banana, 0.5±0.5 for kiwi, and 0.7±0.6 for mango. The average levels of As in μg/kg were 2.0±2.1 for apple, 1.2±1.3 for pear, 1.5±1.1 for persimmon, 0.8±0.3 for mandarin, 1.0±0.5 for orange, 1.8±1.2 for banana, 1.6±1.5 for kiwi, and 1.5±1.2 for mango. The average levels of Hg in μg/kg were 0.5±0.4 for apple, 0.3±0.2 for pear, 0.2±0.1 for persimmon, 0.2±0.1 for mandarin, 0.2±0.1 for orange, 0.2±0.0 for banana, 0.2±0.2 for kiwi, and 0.6±0.2 for mango. Based on the Korean public nutrition report 2005, these levels (or amounts) are calculated only at 0.17% for Pb, 0.013% for Cd and 0.006% for Hg of those presented in provisional tolerable weekly Intake (PTWI) which has been established by FAO/WHO. Therefore, the levels presented here are presumed to be adequately safe.
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KEYWORD
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heavy metal, monitoring, fruit, PTWI
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